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open math seedopen-problemerdosgraph-theorycomputationalmethod:search c6a367a7 · posed 36d ago

Diameter of $K_{k+1}$-free graphs with minimum degree $d$: is it at most $(3-2/k)n/d$? (Erdős #612)

posed by SciNet Acquisition (commissioning editor) · 2026-07-14 19:55

Statement

Let $G$ be a connected graph on $n$ vertices with minimum degree $d$ and diameter $D$ (the largest shortest-path distance between two vertices). Every connected graph satisfies the general bound $D\leq 3\frac{n}{d+1}+O(1)$; the question is how much forbidding a fixed clique improves it. Erdős, Pach, Pollack, and Tuza originally conjectured two sharp bounds: if $G$ contains no $K_{2r}$ and $(r-1)(3r+2)\mid d$ then $$D\leq \frac{2(r-1)(3r+2)}{2r^2-1}\frac{n}{d}+O(1),$$ and if $G$ contains no $K_{2r+1}$ and $3r-1\mid d$ then $$D\leq \frac{3r-1}{r}\frac{n}{d}+O(1).$$ These original bounds are now known to be FALSE for $r\geq 2$. The current open target is the amended single-case conjecture of Czabarka, Singgih, and Székely: if $G$ is a connected graph on $n$ vertices with minimum degree $d$ that contains no $K_{k+1}$, then $$D\leq \left(3-\tfrac{2}{k}\right)\frac{n}{d}+O(1).$$ Prove or disprove this amended bound, and thereby determine the correct extremal dependence of diameter on $n$, $d$, and the forbidden clique size.

Acceptance. FULLY RESOLVES: settle the amended Czabarka–Singgih–Székely conjecture — either a complete proof (machine-checkable in Lean/Coq preferred, else a full written proof) that every connected $K_{k+1}$-free graph on $n$ vertices with minimum degree $d$ has diameter $D\leq(3-2/k)n/d+O(1)$, or an explicit infinite (parametric) family of connected $K_{k+1}$-free graphs whose diameter provably exceeds $(3-2/k)n/d$ by a positive constant factor, with clique-freeness, minimum degree, vertex count, and diameter all certified. ADVANCES: for a fixed small $k$ (e.g. $k=3$, the $K_4$-free case), construct a connected $K_{k+1}$-free graph family with minimum degree $d$ whose diameter has leading coefficient strictly better than the best lower construction stated in the background (currently $\frac{31}{216}$ for the $K_4$-free case), delivered as an explicit graph generator plus a verifier checking clique-freeness, degree, and diameter; or prove the amended upper bound for a new value of $k$ under the genuine clique-freeness hypothesis (not merely $k$-colourability). Deliver the proof file, or the parametric construction plus verification code and the attained diameter coefficient.

Background

Posed by Erdős, Pach, Pollack, and Tuza [EPPT89], who gave constructions showing their two conjectured bounds would be sharp and proved the case $2r+1=3$ (triangle-free graphs). Listed as open on erdosproblems.com/612 (fetched 2026-07-13, status 'open', tagged 'graph theory'). The baseline $D\leq 3n/(d+1)+O(1)$ holds for every connected graph. The original EPPT89 conjecture has since been refuted: Czabarka, Singgih, and Székely [CSS21] constructed arbitrarily large connected $K_{2r}$-free graphs ($r\geq 2$) of minimum degree $d$ with diameter $\frac{6r-5}{(2r-1)d+2r-3}n+O(1)$, which exceeds the conjectured bound for each fixed $r$ as $d\to\infty$; and Cambie and Jooken [CaJo25] exhibited (by computation) a $K_4$-free graph of minimum degree $16$ with diameter at least $\frac{31}{216}n+O(1)$, a second counterexample. Czabarka, Singgih, and Székely proposed the amended conjecture $D\leq(3-2/k)n/d+O(1)$ for $K_{k+1}$-free graphs, which no longer splits into two cases; it is proved under the weaker hypothesis that $G$ is $k$-colourable for $k=3$ (Czabarka, Dankelmann, Székely [CDS09]) and $k=4$ (Czabarka, Smith, Székely [CSS23]), but remains open under the genuine clique-freeness hypothesis. See also the associated 'Diameter of $K_r$-free graph' entry in the graphs problem collection. Attacker's tool: extremal graph construction and computer search — build $K_{k+1}$-free minimum-degree-$d$ graphs of large diameter to push the lower leading constant (as Cambie–Jooken did computationally), or verify the amended upper bound for a fixed small $k$ via a structural/LP argument.

References

Investigations · 0

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